Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | MY |
| Geographical representativeness description | The material and energy consumption is based on global or European data. For the supply of energy and intermediate products Malaysian specific boundary conditions are used. |
| Reference year | 2005 |
| Name |
Base name
; Mix and location types
; Quantitative product or process properties
Aerated concrete block; production mix, at factory; density 500 kg/m3
|
| Use advice for data set | The data set represents a cradle to gate inventory. It can be used to characterise the supply chain situation of the respective commodity in a representative manner. Combination with individual unit processes using this commodity enables the generation of user-specific (product) LCAs. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | Provision of a standard mineral product used in the construction industry according to the applied technology. |
| Classification |
Class name
:
Hierarchy level
|
| General comment on data set | The data set covers all relevant process steps / technologies over the supply chain of the represented cradle to gate inventory with a good overall data quality. The inventory is mainly based on industry data and is completed, where necessary, by secondary data. |
| Copyright | Yes |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) | |
| Time representativeness | |
| Data set valid until | 2012 |
| Time representativeness description | Annual average |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | Components from aerated concrete are produced in fixed industrial processes. The main ingredients used in the aerated concrete block production are quartz sand with 60 to 70%, cement (type CEMI) with 20 to 30%, quick lime with 10 to 20% and gypsum with 2 to 5%. The rate of mineral production residues is considered with 3.5%. These residues are handled as inert waste, which are reusable in the building industry. The most important process steps are: 1. Preparation, doying and mixing of primary materials 2. Casting of blocks 3. Hardening using steam 4. When necessary, further processing (rubbing and cutting) of the hardened aerated concrete parts. The assessment includes the life cycle from energy generation and raw material supply to the finished product on the factory gate. The infrastructure and the production of the manufacturing facility is not considered. Transports "gate to building site" are not part of the system and have to be considered afterwards. The background system is addressed as follows: Electricity, Thermal energy: The electricity (and thermal energy as by-product) used is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly the individual power plants in service are modelled according to the current national grid. This includes net losses and imported electricity. Second, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled. Third, the country-specific fuel supply (share of resources used, by import and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific properties (e.g. element and energy contents) are accounted for. Fourth, the import, transport, mining and exploration processes for the energy carrier supply chain are modelled according to the specific situation of each power-producing country. The different mining and exploration techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different exploration countries are accounted for according to current engineering knowledge and information. Steam: The steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to the technology efficiencies and energy carriers used. Efficiencies range from 84% to 94% in relation to the representative energy carrier (gas, oil, coal). Coal, crude oil and natural gas used for the generation of steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity). Transports: All relevant and known transport processes used are included. Overseas transport including rail and truck transport to and from major ports for imported bulk resources are included. Furthermore all relevant and known pipeline and / or tanker transport of gases and oil imports are included. Energy carriers: Coal, crude oil, natural gas and uranium are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity). Refinery products: Diesel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, basic oils and residues such as bitumen are modelled via a country-specific, refinery parameterized model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refinery techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption,...) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. Hence the refinery products used show the individual country-specific use of resources. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific crude oil situation with the respective properties of the resources. |
| Included data sets | |
| Flow diagram(s) or picture(s) | |
Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs